Diabetes being a medical disease, it was traditionally treated by diet and exercise with mild oral medicines. When this progressed, more drugs were added to control blood sugars; when this went on increasing, insulin injections were added. Diabetes is the cause of cardiac problems and kidney failure in many patients; it is a killer disease with epidemic proportions, in Asia, especially in India. Despite availability of various medicines, over 55% diabetic patients cannot maintain their blood sugar levels below the desired limits (HbA1C below 7), the disease keeps on progressing in most people with on-going complications on many organs in the body. It is associated with high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, fatty liver disease, obesity and polycystic ovary disease causing the Metabolic Syndrome and also kidney failures, heart attacks, eye problems including blindness, nerve diseases etc.
Type 2 diabetes can be a lifelong condition. This is an increasingly widespread health issue in India and has serious long-term consequences. You may want to compare bariatric surgery's high resolution rates to the long-term effects of this condition.
Diabetic or Metabolic surgery is surgery for cure of diabetes associated with or without obesity. Metabolic surgery can also be sometimes performed for Hypertension and Dyslipidaemia alone. These type of surgeries are performed for people with uncontrolled levels of blood parameters even after the maximum dose of drugs and has become life threatening. Surgery for diabetes* is to ensure better blood sugar (glycaemic) control for patients with Adult Onset or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Gastric Bypass and Bilio-pancreatic diversion resulted in control/ cure of diabetes. However, this surgery can only be performed in obese patients with BMI > 35. The need for control of diabetes in non-obese patients lead to the development of Ileal Interposition surgery or Duodenojejunal bypass surgery for diabetics who do not require gastric bypass. This can be so, this surgery performed in thin type 2 diabetics with BMI as low as 27.5 or with sleeve gastrectomy in overweight/obese diabetics. This procedure will be useful if the C-Peptide blood test is more than one. The HBA1c test gives a person an indication of poor control if level is more than eight. Complications of diabetes will be arrested unless the organ damage has already progressed to a point of no return.
So, this surgery can completely control diabetes, arrest the metabolic syndrome of body organ deterioration, thus avoiding future diabetic complications. High blood pressure and high cholesterol /triglycerides are also completely controlled or greatly improved and body loses excess weight which is good for overall longevity with good health.
Only few centres around the world are performing these procedures. Over 80% normal weight patients with T2DM have achieved resolution within 7 days ‐ 3 months of surgery. Similarly, over 85% of obese diabetics have diabetes resolution after surgery. Diabetes resolution may vary subject to age, duration of diabetes, period of insulin intake.
Surgery for Diabetes is still in its early stages of clinical trial. Hence you will have to come for check-up for clinical review & with fresh blood reports after 1 month, 3 months ,6 months, 1 year, 11/2 years, & 2 years. You have to undergo Upper GI endoscopy at1 month & 1 year to see healing of stomach.
